Friday, December 7, 2012

Article # 102. Muscle




Muscle

Muscle is the tissue of the body which primarily functions as a source of power. There are three types of muscle in the body. Muscle which is responsible for moving extremities and external areas of the body is called "skeletal muscle." Heart muscle is called "cardiac muscle." Muscle that is in the walls of arteries and bowel is called "smooth muscle."





A body tissue composed of sheets or bundles of cells that contract to produce movement or increase tension. Muscle cells contain filaments made of the proteins actin and myosin, which lie parallel to each other. When a muscle is signaled to contract, the actin and myosin filaments slide past each other in an overlapping pattern. Skeletal muscle effects voluntary movement and is made up of bundles of elongated cells (muscle fibers), each of which contains many nuclei. Smooth muscle provides the contractile force for the internal organs and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped and each contains a single nucleus. Cardiac muscle makes up the muscle of the heart and consists of a mesh-work of striated cells.

There are approximately 650 skeletal muscles within the typical human. However, it is difficult to define the exact number as different sources name and group muscles differently. There are not 650 names on this list as there if often more than one occurrence of these muscles, for example on each limb.



  • abductor digiti minimi (foot) 
  • abductor digiti minimi (hand) 
  • abductor hallucis 
  • abductor pollicis brevis 
  • abductor pollicis longus 
  • adductor brevis 
  • adductor hallucis 
  • adductor longus 
  • adductor magnus 
  • adductor pollicis 
  • anconeus 
  • articularis cubiti 
  • articularis genu 
  • aryepiglotticus 
  • aryjordanicus 
  • auricularis 
  • biceps brachii 
  • biceps femoris 
  • brachialis 
  • brachioradialis 
  • buccinator 
  • bulbospongiosus 
  • constrictor of pharynx -inferior 
  • constrictor of pharynx -middle 
  • constrictor of pharynx -superior 
  • coracobrachialis 
  • corrugator supercilii 
  • cremaster 
  • cricothyroid 
  • dartos 
  • deep transverse perinei 
  • deltoid 
  • depressor anguli oris 
  • depressor labii inferioris 
  • diaphragm 
  • digastric 
  • erector spinae - spinalis 
  • erector spinae - iliocostalis 
  • erector spinae - longissimus 
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis 
  • extensor carpi radialis longus 
  • extensor carpi ulnaris 
  • extensor digiti minimi (hand) 
  • extensor digitorum (hand) 
  • extensor digitorum brevis (foot) 
  • extensor digitorum longus (foot) 
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • extensor indicis 
  • extensor pollicis brevis 
  • extensor pollicis longus 
  • external oblique abdominis 
  • flexor carpi radialis 
  • flexor carpi ulnaris 
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot) 
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand) 
  • flexor digitorum brevis 
  • flexor digitorum longus (foot) 
  • flexor digitorum profundus 
  • flexor digitorum superficialis 
  • flexor hallucis brevis 
  • flexor hallucis longus 
  • flexor pollicis brevis 
  • flexor pollicis longus 
  • frontalis 
  • gastrocnemius 
  • gemellus inferior
  • gemellus superior
  • genioglossus 
  • geniohyoid 
  • gluteus maximus 
  • gluteus medius 
  • gluteus minimus 
  • gracilis 
  • hyoglossus 
  • iliacus 
  • inferior oblique 
  • inferior rectus 
  • infraspinatus 
  • intercostals external 
  • intercostals innermost 
  • intercostals internal 
  • internal oblique abdominis 
  • interossei - dorsal of hand 
  • interossei -dorsal of foot 
  • interossei- palmar of hand 
  • interossei - plantar of foot 
  • interspinales 
  • intertransversarii 
  • intrinsic muscles of tongue
  • ishiocavernosus
  • lateral cricoarytenoid 
  • lateral pterygoid 
  • lateral rectus 
  • latissimus dorsi 
  • levator anguli oris 
  • levator ani-coccygeus 
  • levator ani - iliococcygeus 
  • levator ani-pubococcygeus 
  • levator ani-puborectalis 
  • levator ani-pubovaginalis 
  • levator labii superioris 
  • levator labii superioris alaeque nasi 
  • levator palpebrae superioris
  • levator scapulae 
  • levator veli palatini 
  • levatores costarum 
  • longus capitis 
  • longus colli 
  • lumbricals of foot
  • lumbricals of hand 
  • masseter 
  • medial pterygoid 
  • medial rectus 
  • mentalis 
  • m. uvulae 
  • mylohyoid 
  • nasalis 
  • oblique arytenoid 
  • obliquus capitis inferior 
  • obliquus capitis superior 
  • obturator externus 
  • obturator internus 
  • omohyoid 
  • opponens digiti minimi (hand) 
  • opponens pollicis 
  • orbicularis oculi 
  • orbicularis oris 
  • palatoglossus 
  • palatopharyngeus 
  • palmaris brevis 
  • palmaris longus 
  • pectineus 
  • pectoralis major 
  • pectoralis minor 
  • peroneus brevis 
  • peroneus longus 
  • peroneus tertius 
  • piriformis 
  • plantaris 
  • platysma 
  • popliteus 
  • posterior cricoarytenoid 
  • procerus 
  • pronator quadratus 
  • pronator teres 
  • psoas major 
  • psoas minor 
  • pyramidalis 
  • quadratus femoris
  • quadratus lumborum 
  • quadratus plantae 
  • rectus abdominis 
  • rectus capitus anterior 
  • rectus capitus lateralis 
  • rectus capitus posterior major 
  • rectus capitus posterior minor 
  • rectus femoris 
  • rhomboid major 
  • rhomboid minor 
  • risorius
  • salpingopharyngeus 
  • sartorius 
  • scalenus anterior 
  • scalenus medius 
  • scalenus minimus 
  • scalenus posterior 
  • semimembranosus 
  • semitendinosus 
  • serratus anterior 
  • serratus posterior inferior
  • serratus posterior superior 
  • soleus 
  • sphincter ani 
  • sphincter urethrae 
  • splenius capitis 
  • splenius cervicis 
  • stapedius 
  • sternocleidomastoid 
  • sternohyoid 
  • sternothyroid 
  • styloglossus 
  • stylohyoid 
  • stylopharyngeus 
  • subclavius 
  • subcostalis 
  • subscapularis 
  • superficial transverse 
  • perinei 
  • superior oblique 
  • superior rectus 
  • supinator 
  • supraspinatus 
  • temporalis 
  • temporoparietalis 
  • tensor fasciae lata 
  • tensor tympani 
  • tensor veli palatini 
  • teres major 
  • teres minor 
  • thyro-arytenoid & vocalis
  • thyro-epiglotticus 
  • thyrohyoid 
  • tibialis anterior 
  • tibialis posterior 
  • transverse arytenoid 
  • transversospinalis -multifidus 
  • transversospinalis -rotatores 
  • transversospinalis -semispinalis 
  • transversus abdominis 
  • transversus thoracis 
  • trapezius 
  • triceps 
  • vastus intermedius 
  • vastus lateralis 
  • vastus medialis 
  • zygomaticus major 
  • zygomaticus minor

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